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利用2002年-2009年省级面板数据,综合考虑节约资源和环境污染,采用稳健广义最小二乘法对城市化和自然资源利用效率的关系进行实证分析。发现城市化对自然资源利用效率影响不显著,这归因于城市化正负两方面的作用。对城市化传导路径的分析表明:城市化提高了劳动生产率、促进了产业结构调整和对外开放,但同时影响了政府行为和物质资本投入,继而产生不利因素。进一步分区域讨论,发现政府行为是城市化进程中最主要的不利因素,且中、西部政府行为的负面影响明显大于东部;中、西部产业结构调整的间接贡献率小于技术进步,东部则相反;物质资本投入对中、东部产生较大的的负面影响,而提高对外开放水平可改善西部地区的自然资源利用效率。根据所得结论,文章最后给出了相关建议。
Based on the provincial panel data from 2002 to 2009, we consider the conservation of resources and environmental pollution synthetically, and use the robust generalized least squares method to analyze the relationship between urbanization and the efficiency of natural resources utilization. It is found that the impact of urbanization on the utilization efficiency of natural resources is not significant, which is attributed to the positive and negative effects of urbanization. An analysis of the path of urbanization shows that urbanization has raised labor productivity, promoted the adjustment of industrial structure and opening up to the outside world, but at the same time it has also affected the government’s behavior and material capital investment, which in turn has produced unfavorable factors. Further sub-regional discussions found that government behavior is the most important unfavorable factor in the process of urbanization, and the negative impact of the government actions in western and central China is significantly greater than that in the eastern part. The indirect contribution rate of industrial restructuring in the central and western regions is less than that in technological progress, while the eastern part is opposite. The material capital investment has a greater negative impact on the eastern and central regions, while raising the level of opening up can improve the utilization efficiency of natural resources in the western region. According to the conclusion, the article finally gives some suggestions.