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1.背景有史以来,人类一直在开发利用生物圈的资源,但只是在最近两个世纪内这种活动才危及到人类的生存,人类活动以前所未有的规模和节律对全球自然资源更新的潜力和社会发展的生态基础造成了严重的影响。人口、资源、环境成为全球发展的重大课题。在人口与资源的关系上,当今世界存在着两大派别的纷争,一种观点认为,人口的过渡增长是发展中国家滥伐森林、贫困、污染的重要原因,人口增长必然为资源与环境的承载力所限。如果人口继续无
1. Background Historically, mankind has been exploiting the resources of the biosphere, but only in the last two centuries has this activity endanger human survival, the potential of human activity to renew its global natural resources with unprecedented scale and rhythm, and social The ecological basis of development has had a serious impact. Population, resources and environment have become major issues in global development. In terms of the relationship between population and resources, there are disputes between the two major factions in today’s world. According to one view, the transitional growth of population is an important reason for deforestation, poverty and pollution in developing countries. Population growth inevitably results in resources and the environment. Limited capacity. If the population continues without