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清代的前期和中期,统治者为了免蹈元明两朝的复辙,对发行纸币比较愼重。在近两百年的时间里,仅顺治八年(公元1651年)起的十年中,发行过钞贯128万余贯。顺治十八年(公元1661年)明永历帝被执,大局平定,钞贯即停止发行。 清代的财政在道光、咸丰以前是比较稳定的,清政府的岁人主要依靠地丁(即田赋)、漕银、关稅和盐课四项,总的岁人每年约在4000万两左右,除岁出外,略有盈余。 自康熙、雍正至乾隆的133年间(公元1662年至1795年)是清代极盛时期,嘉庆以后逐渐衰落。道光年间,农民、城市贫民以及手工业者对封建统治者的斗争风起云涌。咸丰初期,
In the early and mid-Qing dynasties, the rulers placed a heavy premium on the issue of banknotes in order to avoid the mistakes of the Yuan-Ming and the Ming dynasties. In the nearly two hundred years, the circulation of more than 1.28 million notes was issued during the ten years following Shunzhi eight years (1651 AD). Junji eighteen years (AD 1661) Ming Yongli Emperor was executed, the overall situation was settled, the note that stopped issuing. In the Qing dynasty, the finance was relatively stable before Daoguang and Xianfeng. The Qing government mainly relied on Dian (land grant), silver bank, tariffs and salt classes. The total annual average age was about 40 million taels, Except for annual expenditure, a slight surplus. Since Kangxi, Yongzheng to Qianlong 133 years (AD 1662 to 1795) is the heyday of the Qing Dynasty, Jiaqing gradually decline. During the Daoguang period, peasants, urban poor and handicraftsmen struggled against feudal rulers. Xianfeng early,