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甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵和腐霉利是桑椹菌核病防治的常用药剂。为了评价3种杀菌剂在果桑生产中应用的安全性并指导生产上科学合理用药,利用气相色谱与高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术检测大田条件下桑树喷施3种杀菌剂后在桑椹中的消解动态和最终残留。检测结果表明3种杀菌剂在桑椹中的消解均符合一级动力学方程,消解速率由高至低依次是甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵、腐霉利,其中:甲基硫菌灵消解动态方程为C=2.650e~(-0.217t),R~2=0.850,半衰期为3.194 d;多菌灵消解动态方程为C=27.457e~(-0.076t),R~2=0.789,半衰期为9.120 d;腐霉利消解动态方程为C=16.476e-0.055t,R~2=0.795,半衰期为12.603 d。设置3种杀菌剂不同施用剂量(0.70 g/L和1.40 g/L甲基硫菌灵,0.63 g/L和1.26 g/L多菌灵,0.33 g/L和0.66 g/L腐霉利)和不同施药次数(喷施2次、喷施3次)试验组,至桑椹盛熟期(最后一次施药后30 d)采样,检测桑椹中甲基硫菌灵、多菌灵和腐霉利的残留量分别在0.27~0.39 mg/kg、0.16~0.45 mg/kg、0.13~0.50 mg/kg之间,符合食品安全国家标准中对浆果类水果的农药残留量限制标准。依据上述检测结果认为,3种杀菌剂均可用于桑椹菌核病的防治,田间施药在保证防效的前提下,可适当提前施药时间和控制药液浓度,并尽量采收成熟桑椹。
Thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim and pythium are the commonly used agents for prevention and control of mulberry disease. In order to evaluate the safety of the three kinds of fungicides in the production of fructus morifolium and to guide the rational and scientific use of the production, GC and HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry were applied to detect the fungicides in mulberry The digestion dynamics and final residue. The results showed that the three kinds of fungicides in the mulberry digestion are in line with the first-order kinetic equation, digestion rate descending order of methyl thiophanate, carbendazim, pythronide, of which: thiophanate-methyl digestion The kinetic equation is C = 2.650e ~ (-0.217t), R ~ 2 = 0.850, and the half-life is 3.194 days. The kinetic equation of Carbendazim digestion is C = 27.457e ~ (-0.076t), R ~ 2 = 0.789, Was 9.120 d. The kinetic equation of desalinization was C = 16.476e-0.055t, R ~ 2 = 0.795, and the half-life was 12.603 d. Three different biocide doses (0.70 g / L and 1.40 g / L thiophanate-methyl, 0.63 g / L and 1.26 g / L carbendazim, 0.33 g / L and 0.66 g / (Spraying 2 times and spraying 3 times) to mulberry ripening stage (30 days after the last spraying), the detection of thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim and Pythium Residues were 0.27 ~ 0.39 mg / kg, 0.16 ~ 0.45 mg / kg, 0.13 ~ 0.50 mg / kg, respectively, in line with the national food safety standards for pesticide residues in berries of the standard limits. According to the above test results, the three kinds of fungicides can be used for the prevention and control of mulberry sclerotinia. Under the premise of ensuring the prevention and control of the disease, the field spraying and spraying may appropriately advance the spraying time and control the concentration of the liquid and try to harvest the mature mulberry as far as possible.