一、牙轮钻进技术牙轮钻进技术于1949年首次用于软岩(煤矿)钻孔。后来,采用压缩空气排渣,使得钻孔效率和钻头寿命都得到提高。早期,在油田的勘探和开采中,钻进时用水来冲洗岩渣。因为存在着冰冻和耗水量大的困难,使得这种方法在采矿中的应用推迟了。从1949年起,用于硬岩钻孔的专用牙轮钻头得到了发展。牙轮钻机的动力通过钻杆传到钻头,或者通过一个涡轮直接传到炮孔内的钻头的上部,后一种情况很 First, the roller cone drilling technology cone roller drilling technology for the first time in 1949 for soft rock (coal mine) drilling. Later, the use of compressed air slagging, making drilling efficiency and bit life are improved. In the early days, water was used to flush the rock during drilling and exploration in the field. Due to the difficulties of freezing and water consumption, the application of this method in mining has been postponed. Since 1949, special roller cone bits for hard rock drilling have been developed. The power of the roller rig passes through the drill pipe to the drill bit, or through a turbine directly to the top of the drill bit hole, the latter case is very