减数分裂是使有性生殖生物保持染色体数目稳定和遗传物质基础发生变异的机制。早在1848年W.Hofmeister就绘制了紫露草花粉母细胞经过减数分裂形成四分体的粗略图相,1883年Von Beneden、1888年Strasburger、1893年Overton等的工作确认了减数分裂现象的存在。但是,减数分裂的研究长期在细胞形态学领域内徘徊,直到最近二、三十年来才逐渐有所进展,做了许多减数分裂机制的实验研究,四十年代前、中 Meiosis is the mechanism that allows sexual reproduction organisms to maintain a stable chromosome number and genetic material base. As early as 1848, W. Hofmeister plotted the meiosis of Pollen mother cells of Merulacepulaceae to form tetrad sketch. The work of Von Beneden in 1883, Strasburger in 1888, Overton et al in 1893 confirmed the existence of meiosis . However, the study of meiosis has long lingered in the field of cell morphology, and it has not progressed until the last two or three decades. Many experimental studies on the mechanism of meiotic division have been made. Before the 1940s