尽管财政赤字目前仍是评价财政政策的重要工具,但是经济学家对于财政赤字的争论从未停止过。从短期来看,由于定义上的不确定性导致财政赤字本身具有一定的任意性;从长期来看,财政赤字在衡量政策的长期效果上存在一定的局限性。本文通过比较分析认为致力于代际平衡与财政政策可持续发展的代际核算更适宜于评价一国的财政政策。 Although fiscal deficits are still an important tool for evaluating fiscal policy, economists’ debates over fiscal deficits have never ceased. In the short run, the fiscal deficit itself has a certain degree of arbitrariness due to the definitional uncertainty. In the long run, the fiscal deficit has its own limitations in measuring the long-term effect of the policy. Through comparative analysis, this paper is more suitable for evaluating a country’s fiscal policy than the intergenerational accounting that is devoted to sustainable development of intergenerational balance and fiscal policy.