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人到老年,对能量物质,如糖类、脂肪酸等的总体需求量会逐渐减少。这是因为老年人体力活动减少、能量消耗下降和基础代谢率降低之故。然而,老年人对蛋白质的需求量并无明显减少。因此,在老年人的食谱中,脂肪和碳水化合物要稍加限制,而对蛋白质则要稍加放宽一些。众所周知,牛奶、鸡蛋、瘦肉、鱼、虾和大豆及豆制品都是高蛋白食物,且多为优质蛋白,可为机体提供必须氨基酸,参与细胞构成和组织器官的功能活动。如果老年人能将这些食物合理搭配,每日补充蛋白质达60~80克,是不会引起蛋白质缺乏的。但如果由于
To the elderly, the overall demand for energy substances such as sugar and fatty acids will gradually decrease. This is because of reduced physical activity in the elderly, decreased energy expenditure and decreased basal metabolic rate. However, there is no significant reduction in the demand for protein in the elderly. Therefore, in older people’s diet, fat and carbohydrates should be slightly limited, while the protein should be a little more relaxed. It is well-known that milk, eggs, lean meat, fish, shrimp and soybeans and soy products are all high-protein foods and are mostly high-quality proteins that provide essential amino acids to the body and are involved in the functional activities of cell formation and tissues and organs. If the elderly can be a reasonable match of these foods, daily protein supplement of 60 to 80 grams, it will not cause protein deficiency. But if due