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黑河上游山区土壤水分表现为非饱和特征,准确估算该区域表层土壤非饱和导水率(K10)可提高山区生态水文模型的可靠性。本研究野外测定了黑河上游排露沟流域的K10,并利用土壤传递函数(PTFs)以土壤机械组成、容重及土壤平均粒径作为分析因子进行模拟估算,结果表明:排露沟流域森林、草地、退耕裸地的K10均值分别为(0.21±0.20)、(0.20±0.16)、(0.93±0.63)cm.h-1,其空间变异性森林>草地>退耕裸地;K10对土壤机械组成及容重等土壤因子表现敏感,导致不同区域的土壤传递函数估算模型的形式与预测效果差异显著,因此,应用已有PTFs估算模型时需要对其进行可适性检验。本文推导了排露沟K10的土壤传递函数估算模型,判定系数R2=0.76,检验结果样本误差比几何平均数(GMER)为1.77,故在黑河上游具有实际应用价值。
The soil moisture in the upper reaches of the Heihe River shows unsaturated characteristics. Accurate estimation of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K10) of surface soils in the Heihe River can improve the reliability of the eco-hydrological model. In this study, K10 was measured in the Paleo-Gully watershed in the upper reaches of the Heihe River and soil fertility and soil bulk density were calculated using soil transfer function (PTFs) as an analysis factor. The results showed that: (0.21 ± 0.20), (0.20 ± 0.16), (0.93 ± 0.63) cm · h-1, respectively. The spatial variability of forest> grassland> Soil bulk density and other soil factors are sensitive, leading to significant differences in the form and prediction results of soil transfer function estimation models in different regions. Therefore, it is necessary to test the adaptability of existing PTFs estimation models. In this paper, the estimation model of soil transfer function for K10 was deduced. The coefficient of determination is R2 = 0.76. The error of the test results is 1.77 for the geometric mean (GMER), so it has practical value in the upper reaches of Heihe River.