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是否型问题是应用在儿童访谈研究中的主要提问方法,随着是否型问题在研究中的广泛应用,对该种方法的质疑也越来越多。文章基于对以往是否型问题研究的回顾和总结,概括出是否型问题在儿童访谈研究中的主要弊端:(1)儿童对是否型问题反应的正确性并不十分牢靠;(2)儿童对重复的是否型问题的反应一致性程度偏低;(3)儿童对是否型问题存在较明显的反应偏向。最后,文章对是否型问题在儿童访谈研究中的应用提出了建议:除了访谈人员须接受必要的训练外,还有对幼儿使用时可以预先教授一些策略,如学会说“不知道”策略、访谈前儿童的自由回忆策略等,以及让儿童明确访谈的目的。
The question of whether type is the main questioning method used in children’s interview research. With the widespread use of non-type questions in research, there are more and more questions about this method. Based on the review and summary of previous studies on whether or not type questions, the article summarizes the main drawbacks of the question whether type questions are used in children’s interview studies: (1) Children’s correctness of reaction to non-type questions is not sufficiently reliable; (2) (3) Children have a more obvious reaction bias to the non-type questions. Finally, the article puts forward some suggestions on the application of non-type questions in children’s interview research. In addition to interviewers must receive the necessary training, there are some strategies that can be pre-taught for young children, such as learning to say “do not know” strategy , Free recall strategies for children prior to interview, and the purpose of having children interviewed explicitly.