在水热条件下,分别以表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTAB)为软模板合成了VO2纳米粉和纳米针,用SEM,TEM,XRD表征了材料的表面形貌和晶体结构．结果表明,产物的晶体结构为单斜相结构VO2(B),纳米粉的粒径为50-100nm,纳米针直径为50-100nm,长为1-2μm,水热时间和表面活性剂的种类对产物的形貌及大小起到了调控作用;同时对不同形貌VO2纳米晶的形成机制进行了理论探讨． VO2 nanopowders and nano-needles were synthesized under the hydrothermal conditions using surfactant SDBS and CTAB as templates. The surface morphology and crystal structure of the material were characterized by TEM and XRD. The results show that the crystal structure of the product is monoclinic VO2 (B), the particle size of the nanopowder is 50-100nm, the diameter of the nanoneedle is 50-100nm and the length is 1-2μm. The hydrothermal time and the kind of surfactants The morphology and size of the product played a regulatory role; at the same time, the formation mechanism of VO2 nanocrystals with different morphology was discussed theoretically.