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本文以宪法与革命为主题,从政治思想史的视角对于英国、法国和美国的立宪建国及其不同路径给予了理论探讨,尤其对洛克、卢梭以及法国大革命和美国革命的宪制问题提出了基于政治宪法学的辨析,并进而勾勒了中国百年宪制的革命建国历程。本文认为通过革命而制宪,宪法终结于革命,宪政出场,革命谢幕,“革命的反革命”是现代宪制的精神实质,从这个意义上说,英国光荣革命和美国革命各自实现了“革命的反革命”的宪制,而法国大革命则陷入激进革命的震荡之中,至于现代中国的百年宪制,这个“革命的反革命”还远没有完成。
This article takes the constitution and the revolution as the theme, from the perspective of the political and ideological history, gives a theoretical discussion on constitutional constitutionalism and its different paths in Britain, France and the United States, especially on Locke, Rousseau and the constitutional issues of the French Revolution and the American Revolution Political constitutional theory of discrimination, and then outlined the centennial constitution of China’s revolutionary founding process. In this sense, the glorious revolution in the United Kingdom and the American revolution have each achieved a “constitutional” constitution. The Constitution ends in a revolution, the constitutional government takes its place, the curtain call of the revolution, and the “counterrevolutionary revolution” are the essence of the modern constitutional system. The “revolutionary counter-revolution” constitution, while the French Revolution plunged into the turmoil of a radical revolution. As for the centennial constitution of modern China, this “revolutionary counter-revolution” is far from complete.