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以3个板栗品种“燕红”、“怀黄”、“怀九”为母本,以锥栗为父本,进行了远缘杂交亲和性及杂种表型特性研究,旨在为栗属植物的远缘杂交育种提供参考。结果表明:通过连续3a杂交试验,远缘杂交平均结实率仅23.6%,最低结实率只有6.5%,且空苞率较高,平均空苞率50.1%,最高77.5%;杂交结实特性在不同杂交组合、不同年份间存在差异,结实率在不同杂交组合间差异不显著,而在不同年份间表现差异显著,空苞率与坐苞率在不同杂交组合间差异显著或极显著,在不同年份间差异不显著;母本对结实率有较大影响,以“怀黄”、“怀九”为母本远缘杂交结实率较高且杂种优势明显,亲和性好,而“燕红”与锥栗杂交无论在结实率还是杂种特性上表现较差,说明合理选择亲本对于克服板栗与锥栗间远缘杂交不亲和性及提高结实率具有重要意义。
The compatibility and hybrid phenotypic characteristics of distant hybrids were studied with 3 chestnut varieties “Yan Hong ”, “Huang ” and “Huai 9 ” as female parent and Castanea henryi as male parent , Aimed to provide a reference for distant hybridization breeding of Castanea. The results showed that the average seed setting rate of distant hybridization was only 23.6% and the lowest seed setting rate was only 6.5%. The average percentage of empty shell was 50.1% and the highest was 77.5% There were significant differences between different hybrid combinations. The seed setting rate was not significantly different among different hybrid combinations, but significantly different in different years. There was significant or extremely significant difference in empty hybrid ratio and sitting hybrid ratio in different hybrid combinations. In different years The difference was not significant; the female parent had a greater impact on the seed setting rate, the higher seed setting rate and obvious heterosis with “yellowing” and “pregnant nine” The cross of “Yanhong” and Castanea henryi showed poor performance in both seed setting rate and hybrid performance, indicating that the rational selection of parents is of great significance for overcoming incompatibility of distant hybridization between chestnut and chestnut and for increasing seed setting rate.