一、能源供应结构调整和优化所面临的挑战和机遇 经过改革开放的二十多年发展,我国的能源工业取得了显著成绩。一次能源生产总量由1990年的1039.2百万吨标准煤增长到2002年的1390百万吨标准煤,成为仅次于美国和俄罗斯的世界第三大能源生产国。伴随着经济的快速发展和对外开放力度的加大,我国能源结构也开始发生明显变化,并呈现出多元化的趋势。煤炭在常规能源消费中的比例缓慢下降,到2002年其比例已降 I. Challenges and Opportunities in the Adjustment and Optimization of the Structure of Energy Supply After more than 20 years of reform and opening up, China’s energy industry has made remarkable achievements. The total primary energy production increased from 1039.2 million tons of standard coal in 1990 to 1390 million tons of standard coal in 2002, becoming the third largest energy producer in the world after the United States and Russia. With the rapid economic development and the opening up to the outside world, China’s energy structure has also begun to change significantly, showing a diversified trend. The share of coal in conventional energy consumption has slowly declined, and by 2002 its share has dropped