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目的为进一步了解保山市无偿献血的现状,为今后无偿献血的宣传、教育、动员和招募策略提供参考。方法按照知信行(KAP)的理论设计问卷调查表,向受调查人群随机发放调查问卷600份,对被调查者的一般情况、对无偿献血知识、危险行为、无偿献血的态度、参与无偿献血的动机等进行分析比较。结果在受调查人群的3个年龄段中,18-30岁年龄段占59.5%,31-45岁年龄段的献血率明显高于其他2个年龄段(P<0.05);性别方面,男女献血率没有明显差别(P>0.05);在职业方面,以工人(其中大部分是企业的农民工)、农民、民工、事业人员和学生为主,占83%;人群的学历分布以高中以下学历为主,占75%。知晓率最高为82.5%,最低为64.9%;献血者和未献血者对无偿献血常识知晓的比较有统计学意义(P<0.05);在献血知识获取渠道方面,以朋友介绍和血站宣传为主(68.2%);在关于血液安全和危险行为方面,知晓率均在90%以上,献血者和未献血者没有统计学意义(P>0.05);献血动机以帮助别人(51.4%)和有益健康(37.1%)为主;在对待献血的态度方面,占73.6%的受访者愿意1年至少献1次血;不愿献血的原因以没时间(34.5%)、身体不适合献血(20.7%)、怕痛(18.4%)为主。结论只有制定针对不同人群的宣传、动员、招募策略,同时不断改进服务,才能使更多人献血。
Objective To know more about the status quo of blood donation in Baoshan City and to provide reference for the publicity, education, mobilization and recruitment strategies of blood donation in the future. Methods According to the theory of KAP, a questionnaire was designed and 600 questionnaires were randomly distributed to the surveyed population. The survey was conducted on the general situation of the respondents, their knowledge of unpaid blood donation, dangerous behaviors, the attitude of unpaid blood donation, Motives and other analysis and comparison. Results Among the three age groups, 59.5% of 18-30 age group and 31-45 year old group were significantly higher than the other two age groups (P <0.05). In gender, (P> 0.05). In the aspect of occupation, the majority of workers (mostly migrant workers), peasants, migrant workers, career workers and students accounted for 83% of the total population. The academic records of the population were classified as high school or below Mainly, accounting for 75%. The highest awareness rate was 82.5% and the lowest was 64.9%. The common sense of blood donors and non-blood donors was more statistically significant (P <0.05). In terms of blood donation knowledge acquisition channels, (68.2%); awareness of blood safety and risk behaviors were all above 90%; there was no significant difference between blood donors and non-blood donors (P> 0.05); motivation of blood donation to help others (51.4%) and beneficial (37.1%); 73.6% of the respondents were willing to give blood at least once a year for treatment of their blood donation; they did not have the time to donate blood (34.5%) and their body was unsuitable for blood donation (20.7 %), Fear of pain (18.4%) based. Conclusion Only by formulating strategies for publicity, mobilization and recruitment for different groups of people and continuously improving their services can more people be given blood donations.