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为研究强震作用下边坡锚固系统的抗震作用及破坏特征,采用振动台模型试验,分别输入汶川波、EL-Centro波、正弦波作为地震激励,监测坡体加速度、锚杆和格构梁的应变,研究加固滑坡在强震作用下的动力响应差异以及不同位置锚杆和格构梁在地震作用下的受力特征。结果表明:强震作用下,坡脚剪切松弛区的形成导致坡脚首先进入塑性区,坡脚锚杆的承载能力受到影响,坡脚处的横梁出现拉弯变形;由于潜在滑面的存在,坡体上部土体易发生张拉破坏,坡顶首层锚杆受拉作用增强,中上部的格构梁和锚杆存在明显的不协调性,坡顶的首层横向格构梁发生拉弯变形;与横梁相比,竖梁的弯应变较小,各层的应变差值不大,与锚杆的协调性较好;建议在拟静力法设计的基础上,在锚固滑坡坡脚密集地打入短锚杆或土钉以平衡坡脚滑面处出现的不协调往复运动;加长设计坡顶的第1层锚杆,以抑制坡顶滑面处的拉张裂缝;同时在坡体顶面垂直地打入短锚杆、微型桩或种植根系发达的植物护坡,且在格构梁设计时应多考虑横梁的拉弯变形。
In order to study the anti-seismic and failure characteristics of the slope anchoring system under the action of strong earthquakes, the shaking table model test was applied to input the Wenchuan wave, EL-Centro wave and sine wave as the seismic excitation respectively to monitor the slope acceleration, Strain, the study of the dynamic response of reinforced landslides under strong earthquakes and the stress characteristics of anchors and lattice beams under different earthquake locations. The results show that under the action of strong earthquake, the formation of shearing zone causes the slope foot to enter the plastic zone first, and the bearing capacity of the slope foot anchor is affected. The beam at the slope foot is bent and deformed. Due to the potential slip surface , The soil in the upper part of the slope is prone to tension failure, the tension of the first floor rock bolt is enhanced, the middle and upper part of the lattice beam and the anchor rod are obviously incongruous, and the transverse lattice beam Bending deformation compared with the beam, the vertical beam bending strain is small, the strain difference between the layers is not large, and the coordination of the anchor is better; proposed pseudo-static method based on the design, anchoring slide foot Densely into the short bolt or soil nail to balance the slippery slope at the foot of the uncoordinated reciprocating movement; extension of the design of the top of the first layer of rock bolt to inhibit the sloping cracks at the top slippery slope; at the same time in the slope The vertical top of the body into the short bolt, micro-piles or plant roots well-developed plant slope protection, and the design of the lattice beam should be more consideration Beam bending deformation.