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目的探讨无锡地区哮喘儿童吸入性变应原的分布情况和皮肤点刺试验在哮喘病原诊断中的应用。方法1209例哮喘儿童于2005年9月～2008年12月在无锡市儿童医院行皮肤点刺试验(SPT),对各种变应原阳性率及吸入性变应原皮试结果进行分析。结果被检查1209例患儿中SPT阳性者989例(81.80%),其中粉尘蟎占77.09%;屋尘螨占74.94%;热带螨占45.74%;狗毛27.63%;其他吸入性变应原阳性率均在15%以下。不同年龄和性别对12种吸入性变应原阳性率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论螨类为无锡地区哮喘儿童最常见的变应原,不同年龄和性别对吸入性变应原的过敏程度不同。变应原皮肤点刺试验方便安全,操作易行,为儿童哮喘防治提供依据。
Objective To investigate the distribution of inhaled allergens in children with asthma in Wuxi and the application of skin prick test in the diagnosis of asthma pathogens. Methods 1209 asthmatic children underwent skin prick test (SPT) in Wuxi Children’s Hospital from September 2005 to December 2008 to analyze the positive rates of various allergens and the skin test results of inhaled allergens. Results Among the 1209 cases, 989 (81.80%) were positive for SPT, of which Dust mite accounted for 77.09%; Dustin mites accounted for 74.94%; tropical mites accounted for 45.74%; dog hairy 27.63%; other inhaled allergens were positive Rates are below 15%. There were significant differences in the positive rates of 12 inhaled allergens between different ages and genders (P <0.05). Conclusion Mites are the most common allergens in children with asthma in Wuxi. The allergenicity of inhalation allergens varies with different age and sex. Allergen skin prick test convenient and safe, easy to operate, provide the basis for prevention and treatment of asthma in children.