目的探讨内质网应激PERK信号通路在急性热应激诱导睾丸生殖细胞凋亡中的作用。方法将18只健康6~8周龄清洁级ICR雄性小鼠随机分为3组,每组6只。将热处理组小鼠身体的下1/3部分(包括阴囊、后腿、尾巴)浸于43℃恒温水浴15 min,于热应激后2、6 h处死小鼠;将对照组小鼠下腹部浸入22℃水浴15 min,6 h后处死小鼠。采用TUNEL法检测睾丸组织生殖细胞的凋亡率。采用Western blot法检测睾丸总蛋白p-e IF2α和CHOP蛋白的表达水平。结果与对照组比较,热处理后不同时间小鼠睾丸组织生精小管内核浓缩小管、含空泡小管和MSCs的发生率及阳性小管发生率和每管凋亡细胞数以及p-e IF2α与CHOP蛋白的表达水平均较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01);且随着热处理后时间的延长,小鼠睾丸组织生精小管内核浓缩小管、含空泡小管和MSCs的发生率及阳性小管发生率和每管凋亡细胞数均呈上升趋势,而p-e IF2α与CHOP蛋白的表达水平均呈先上升后下降的趋势。结论单次热处理能明显上调睾丸组织e IF2α蛋白磷酸化和CHOP蛋白的表达水平,提示内质网应激PERK信号通路可能参与了热处理诱导的睾丸生殖细胞凋亡。 Objective To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (PERK) signaling pathway in the apoptosis of testicular germ cells induced by acute heat stress. Methods Eighteen healthy 6-8 week old ICR male mice were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 mice in each group. The third part of the body (including the scrotum, hind legs and tail) of the heat-treated mice was immersed in a constant temperature water bath at 43 ° C. for 15 min, and the mice were sacrificed at 2 and 6 h after heat stress. The lower abdomen Immersed in water bath at 22 ℃ 15 min, 6 h after the mice were sacrificed. TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptosis rate of testicular germ cells. Western blot was used to detect the expression of p-eIF2α and CHOP protein in testis. Results Compared with the control group, the incidence of tubules, vacuolated tubules and MSCs, the number of positive tubules and the number of apoptotic cells per tubule and the expression of peIF2α and CHOP proteins in the testicular nuclei of testis were different at different time points after heat treatment (P <0.05, P <0.01). And with the prolongation of time after heat treatment, the incidence of tubules, vacuolated tubules and MSCs in the testicular nucleus of testicular tubules in mice were significantly increased The positive tubules and apoptotic cells per tuber showed an upward trend, while the expression levels of peIF2α and CHOP protein first increased and then decreased. Conclusions Single heat treatment can significantly increase eIF2α protein phosphorylation and CHOP protein expression in testis tissue, suggesting that endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK signaling pathway may be involved in heat-induced apoptosis of testicular germ cells.