论文部分内容阅读
(一)把握、评析文意[提示]阅读文言文必须了解与把握整体文意(包括有些语句的深层含义)和主旨,所谓“由文悟道”,并进而用历史唯物主义和辩证唯物主义的观点对作品的思想内容进行评析,主要看它所起的作用是积极的,还是消极的,以剔除糟粕,吸取精华。积极意义主要表现为:爱国爱民,抗击侵略,反对压迫,抨击黑暗,歌颂爱情,追求理想等。消极因素主要表现为“观点上的唯心主义;政治上的改良主义;忠君的封建意识;对社会生活的不正确解释和评价,包括因果报应、宿命论、封建迷信色彩;感情上的没落、颓废、虚无主义等。[测试角度与例析]可从文章的整体文意、中心思想和所反映的时代、人物、事件等方面进行测试,以提高对作品的理解、归纳、分析、鉴别能力。例如有这样一道题,要考生从
(1) Grasping and commenting on the meaning of the text [Tip] Reading classical Chinese must understand and grasp the overall textual meaning (including the deep meaning of some sentences) and the main purpose, the so-called “Wenzi Dao”, and then use the viewpoint of historical materialism and dialectical materialism. The analysis of the ideological content of a work mainly depends on whether it plays a positive or negative role in order to eliminate dross and draw on the essence. The positive significance is mainly manifested in: patriotic love for the people, fighting aggression, oppression, blaming the darkness, praising love, pursuing ideals, etc. The negative factors mainly include "ideal idealism; political reformism; loyalty to the feudal consciousness; incorrect interpretation and evaluation of social life, including karma, fatalism, and feudal superstition; emotional decline, decadence, Nihilism, etc. [Test angles and examples] can be tested from the overall textual and central ideas of the article and the times, characters, events, etc. reflected in the article to improve the ability to understand, summarize, analyze, and discriminate the work. There is such a question that candidates must be