一、前言实践证明,液体静压轴承能适应高精度、高效率和重型的机床主轴系统的性能要求,因此,液体静压轴承在这三种类型机床上得到了广泛的应用。而过去广泛采用的定压式静压轴承中,可变节流形式的静压轴承,其油膜刚度较高,但结构比较复杂,在中小型机床上应用受到一定的限制。能否设法在固定节流形式的基础上,经济合理地提高油膜刚度,这就是我们设计和试验新的型式静压轴承的指导思想。同时,我们在新结构的设计中,还考虑了主轴挠度在轴承油膜范围内对油膜刚度的影响,而将主轴挠度的不利因素转化为对提高油膜刚度的有利因素。新的结构型式——腔内孔式回油液体静压轴 First, the preface Practice has proved that hydrostatic bearing can adapt to the high precision, high efficiency and heavy duty spindle system performance requirements, therefore, hydrostatic bearing in these three types of machine tools has been widely used. In the past, the fixed pressure hydrostatic bearing widely used in the past, the variable throttle type hydrostatic bearing, the oil film stiffness is high, but the structure is more complex, the application of small and medium machine tools subject to certain restrictions. Whether we can manage to increase the rigidity of the oil film economically and reasonably on the basis of the fixed throttle pattern is the guiding principle for designing and testing the new type of hydrostatic bearing. At the same time, in the design of new structure, we also consider the influence of spindle deflection on oil film stiffness in the range of bearing oil film, and transform the unfavorable factors of spindle deflection into the favorable factors for increasing oil film stiffness. New structural style - Cavity oil return hydrostatic shaft