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目的:探讨宫内感染的孕鼠DHA干预后,对围产期炎症暴露的仔鼠脑组织炎症状态的影响。方法:本实验将孕鼠随机分为3组,①对照组:孕期第1天开始无菌生理盐水灌胃至分娩,于孕第17、18天腹腔注射无菌生理盐水0.6 ml。②LPS组(模型组):无菌生理盐水灌胃,孕第17、18天连续两次腹腔注射LPS,计量为350μg/kg。③LPS+DHA组(干预组):孕期第1天开始给予DHA130 mg/kg灌胃至分娩,于孕第17、18天连续两次腹腔注射LPS,计量同②。取各组孕21天(G21),生后P1、P7、P14脑组织,用HE染色法观察不同时间点脑组织的病理改变,用免疫组化方法检测脑组织中OX42阳性小胶质细胞的表达情况。用Q-RT-PCR检测脑组织中细胞因子TNF-α的mRNA转录水平。结果:模型组脑白质早期可见水肿和形态较幼稚的细胞,甚至伴有局灶性出血,后期脑白质内神经纤维走向紊乱,组织疏松,细胞数减少。干预组早期脑白质可见较多水肿细胞,无明显出血灶和软化灶,P14时与对照组形态接近。与对照组相比:①模型组小胶质细胞OX42阳性表达在P14时仍较高(P<0.05);干预组至P7时亦较高(P<0.05),P14时无明显差异(P>0.05);干预组在各时间点与模型组比较均较低(P<0.05)。②模型组TNF-αmRNA的表达在P7时仍较高(P<0.05),而在P14无显著差异(P>0.05);干预组TNF-αmR-NA的表达较模型组低直至P7(P<0.05),而在P14无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:宫内LPS感染可导致胎儿脑组织炎性反应,孕期补充DHA能通过减少小胶质细胞的持续活化和炎症细胞因子的表达而抑制胎儿脑组织的炎症反应,促进脑损伤的恢复。
Objective: To investigate the effect of intrauterine infection of pregnant rats DHA intervention on perinatal inflammation in neonatal rat brain tissue inflammatory state. Methods: In this experiment, the pregnant rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. ① Control group: sterile saline was given to the childbirth on the first day of pregnancy, and 0.6 ml of sterile saline was injected intraperitoneally on the 17th and 18th day of pregnancy. LPS group (model group): sterile saline intragastric administration, on the first 17,18 days of pregnancy, two consecutive intraperitoneal LPS injection, measurement of 350μg / kg. ③ LPS + DHA group (intervention group): The first day of gestation, DHA130 mg / kg was administered intragastrically to delivery. LPS was injected intraperitoneally twice on the 17th and 18th day of pregnancy. Twenty-first day of pregnancy (G21), P1, P7, P14 brain tissues of each group were observed. Pathological changes of brain tissue were observed by HE staining at different time points. OX42 positive microglial cells in brain tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry Express the situation. The mRNA level of TNF-α in brain tissue was detected by Q-RT-PCR. Results: In the model group, the edema and the naive cells in early stage of encephalopathy were observed, even with focal hemorrhage. The neurological fibers in the white matter of the model group were disordered, the tissues were loose and the number of cells decreased. In the intervention group, more edema cells were found in the early white matter, no obvious hemorrhage and softening lesions, and the morphology was similar to that in the control group at P14. Compared with the control group: ① The positive expression of OX42 in microglia of model group was still higher at P14 (P <0.05), but higher at P7 (P <0.05) and no significant difference at P14 (P> 0.05). The intervention group was lower than the model group at all time points (P <0.05). ② The expression of TNF-αmRNA in model group was still higher at P7 (P <0.05), but no significant difference at P14 (P> 0.05); TNF-αmR-NA expression was lower in model group than P7 0.05), but no significant difference in P14 (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: Intrauterine LPS infection can cause inflammatory reaction in fetal brain tissue. Supplementation of DHA during pregnancy can inhibit the inflammatory reaction of fetal brain tissue and promote the recovery of brain injury by decreasing the sustained activation of microglia and the expression of inflammatory cytokines.