文学史上的唐宋古文运动与思想史上的理学发展各自形成“文统”与“道统”,但由于共同的重振儒学的思想源头,两者实具密切的联系。一方面,唐宋古文运动前期作家的思想被宋代理学家扬弃吸取,成为宋明理学许多重要理论的出发点。另一方面,唐宋古文作家同时作为思想家,特别是宋六家在宋代思想史上占有重要地位,建立了属于自己的学派,又时时受到作为宋学核心体现的理学基本精神的深刻影响。尤其值得注意的是,由明代唐宋派文人明确提出的在文学史上影响深远的“唐宋八大家”之名目,实际上在南宋理学家手中已初具雏型。唐宋古文主流体系,正是通过理学家的初建才逐渐流行确立起来。 The Tang and Song Dynasties’ classical prose movement in literary history and the development of neo-Confucianism in the history of thought each formed a “literary tradition” and a “Taoist tradition.” However, due to common revitalization of Confucianism, there was a close relationship between the two. On the one hand, the thought of the writers in the early Tang and Song Dynasties was subdued by the Neo-Confucianism and became the starting point of many important theories of Neo-Confucianism. On the other hand, the ancient Tang and Song writers also act as thinkers at the same time. In particular, Song and Liu dynasties occupied an important position in the intellectual history of the Song Dynasty and established their own school of thought. They were also deeply influenced by the basic philosophical spirit as the core of Song studies. What is worth noting is that the names of “Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties” that have been far-reaching in the literary history, which were explicitly put forward by scholars from the Tang and Song Dynasties in Ming Dynasty, have actually taken shape in the hands of the Southern Song Dynasty philosophers. The Tang and Song Dynasties ancient mainstream system, it is through the early construction of the Neo-Confucianism gradually established.