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基于VO_2/Si_3N_4/Al结构设计了一种发射率可调控的智能辐射器(SRD)。通过薄膜特征矩阵理论SRD的光学特性进行分析,结果表明VO_2的厚度决定了SRD的辐射能力,其调控光谱范围与介质层Si_3N_4的厚度密切相关,优化后的SRD发射率调控范围为0.38。采用MgF2/Si_3N_4双层减反膜进一步优化SRD,使其低温(20℃)和高温(100℃)发射率分别达到0.30和0.91,调控范围扩大至0.61。利用有限时域差分法分析了有无减反膜时SRD的辐射场分布,结果表明减反膜可以提高SRD的温度调控效率,增强空间复杂环境适应能力。设计思路对高性能SRD的制备和航天器热控系统的轻量化具有重要意义。
Based on VO_2 / Si_3N_4 / Al structure, an emissivity adjustable smart radiator (SRD) is designed. The results show that the thickness of VO_2 determines the radiative ability of SRD. The control spectral range is closely related to the thickness of dielectric layer Si_3N_4. The optimized range of SRD emission rate is 0.38. The MgF2 / Si_3N_4 double-layer antireflective film was used to further optimize the SRD. The low temperature (20 ℃) and high temperature (100 ℃) emissivity reached 0.30 and 0.91, respectively. The control range was extended to 0.61. The finite-difference time-domain method was used to analyze the radiative field distribution of SRD with and without anti-reflection film. The results showed that anti-reflection film can improve the temperature regulation efficiency of SRD and enhance the adaptability of space complex environment. Design ideas for high performance SRD preparation and spacecraft thermal control system of light weight is of great significance.