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目的探讨彩色多普勒血流显像在中老年人群体检中诊断颈动脉粥样硬化的临床价值。方法二维及彩超观察638例中老年人体检患者颈动脉,对其中432例颈动脉硬化患者的超声特点及血流情况进行分析。结果其中动脉硬化432例,动脉粥样斑块形成245例,双侧粥样斑块形成108例,左侧粥样斑块形成61例,右侧粥样斑块形成76例,据声像图表现分为四种类型斑块:扁平斑、软斑、硬斑、溃疡斑。颈动脉狭窄患者19例。双侧病变占68.29%,单侧病变占31.71%。结论该项检查方便、无创、定位准确,检出率可达100%,颈动脉是动脉硬化的好发部位,它的病变出现往往早于冠状动脉和脑动脉。因而彩超对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的诊断具有较高的临床价值,尤其是无症状的早期病变,可使患者得到早期治疗。
Objective To investigate the clinical value of color Doppler flow imaging in the diagnosis of carotid artery atherosclerosis in middle-aged and elderly people. Methods Two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasonography were used to examine the carotid arteries of 638 patients undergoing physical examination. The ultrasonic features and blood flow of 432 patients with carotid atherosclerosis were analyzed. Results Among them, there were 432 cases of arteriosclerosis, 245 cases of atherosclerotic plaques, 108 cases of bilateral atherosclerotic plaques, 61 cases of atheromatous plaques on the left side, and 76 cases of atheromatous plaques on the right side. The performance is divided into four types of plaques: flat plaques, soft plaques, hard plaques, and ulcer plaques. 19 patients with carotid stenosis. Bilateral lesions accounted for 68.29%, and unilateral lesions accounted for 31.71%. Conclusion The examination is convenient, non-invasive, and accurate. The detection rate is up to 100%. The carotid artery is a predilection site for arteriosclerosis. Its lesions often appear earlier than the coronary arteries and cerebral arteries. Therefore, color Doppler ultrasonography has a high clinical value in the diagnosis of carotid atherosclerotic plaques, especially in the early stages of asymptomatic lesions, which will enable patients to receive early treatment.