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本研究以180名3～6岁儿童为被试,采用个别施测的方式考察儿童数量估算能力的发展及其使用的估算策略。研究结果发现:(1)3～6岁儿童虽已具有一定的数量估算能力,但其作出合理估算的能力仍较低。(2)3～6岁儿童在估算策略的运用上存在年龄差异,半数以上大班儿童使用了三种或三种以上估算策略,中班儿童中以使用一到两种策略的为多,而几乎一半的小班儿童无法说出自己使用了怎样的策略。(3)大班儿童较多使用较为复杂、高级的估算策略,而中班和小班儿童较多使用较为简单、低级的估算策略。
In this study, 180 children aged 3 to 6 years were used as subjects to examine the development of children’s ability to estimate and the estimation strategy of their use. The results showed that: (1) children aged 3 ~ 6 years old had certain quantitative estimation ability, but their ability to make reasonable estimation was still low. (2) There are age differences among 3 ~ 6-year-old children in the use of estimation strategies. More than half of the children in large classes use three or more estimation strategies. Among middle school children, one or two strategies are used, while almost Half of the children in small classes can not say what tactics they are using. (3) Children in large classes use more complicated and advanced estimation strategies, while children in middle class and small class use more simple and lower estimation methods.