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目的探讨未经诱导的自体骨髓单核细胞可否在梗死心肌环境中存活并分化为心肌细胞及血管内皮细胞。方法40只日本大耳雄兔随机分为两组:移植组及对照组,每组各20只。采用结扎冠状动脉左前降支的方法建立急性心梗模型,以心电图证实模型成功,由超声心动图评价心功能。模型建立后7天,将BrdU标记的自体骨髓单核细胞注射到移植组动物心肌梗死区及周边区,而对照组动物相同部位仅注射等量生理盐水。移植后6周,收集动物心脏进行组织学及免疫组化分析。结果抗BrdU免疫组化发现移植组动物心肌梗死区及周边区内均存在染色阳性的移植细胞,且周边区内的移植细胞呈心肌细胞及血管内皮细胞的形态特点,同时这些细胞抗心肌特异性肌动蛋白抗体染色阳性,证实其肌源性分化。另外,移植组动物梗死周边区血管密度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),但两组动物在心肌梗死区内的血管密度没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。移植后6周,两组动物心功能均有改善,移植组明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论自体骨髓单核细胞移植于梗死心肌后,可在梗死区及周边区存活,并在周边区分化为血管内皮细胞及具有心肌细胞形态特点的细胞、增加梗死周边区的血管密度,改善心功能。
Objective To investigate whether uninduced autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells can survive in myocardial infarction and differentiate into cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Methods Forty male Japanese big ears were randomly divided into two groups: the transplantation group and the control group, 20 in each group. Acute myocardial infarction model was established by ligation of the left anterior descending artery of the coronary artery. The electrocardiogram was used to confirm the success of the model and the cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Seven days after the model establishment, BrdU-labeled autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells were injected into the myocardial infarction area and the peripheral area in the transplantation group, while the same part of the control group was injected with the same amount of normal saline. Six weeks after transplantation, the heart of the animals was collected for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Results Anti-BrdU immunohistochemistry found that the transplanted animals in myocardial infarction area and the surrounding area were stained positive cells were transplanted, and the surrounding cells showed morphological characteristics of myocardial cells and vascular endothelial cells, and these cells anti-myocardial specificity Actin antibody staining positive, confirmed its myogenic differentiation. In addition, the vascular density in the peripheral infarction area in the transplantation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the vessel density between the two groups (P> 0.05). At 6 weeks after transplantation, heart function of both groups improved, and the transplantation group was significantly better than the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells can survive in the infarct area and peripheral area after transplanted into the infarcted myocardium and differentiate into vascular endothelial cells and cells with morphological features of cardiomyocytes in the peripheral area, increase the vascular density in the infarct peripheral area and improve the cardiac function .