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目的:在掌握莱州市出生缺陷发生情况及其动态变化的基础上,探讨引起出生缺陷的高危因素,制定干预措施,降低出生缺陷的发生率。方法:按照全国出生缺陷监测中心制定的监测方案,采用前瞻性研究的方法,对莱州市2002～2006年的出生缺陷进行监测,并推行出生缺陷干预措施。结果:监测围产儿28947例,出生缺陷儿168例,出生缺陷发生率5.80‰,大大低于全国围产儿出生缺陷发生率。结论:农村出生缺陷发生率高于城镇,降低出生缺陷发生的工作重点在农村;加强婚前健康教育,普及优生优育知识,制定预防出生缺陷干预措施,提高围产期工作质量,是降低出生缺陷发生的关键措施。
Objective: To master the occurrence and dynamic changes of birth defects in Laizhou City, to explore the risk factors that cause birth defects and make interventions to reduce the incidence of birth defects. Methods: According to the monitoring plan developed by the National Birth Defective Monitoring Center, a prospective study was conducted to monitor birth defects in Laizhou from 2002 to 2006 and to implement birth defects interventions. Results: 28,947 perinatal births and 168 birth defects were detected. The incidence of birth defects was 5.80 ‰, which was significantly lower than the incidence of birth defects in perinatal children. Conclusions: The incidence of birth defects in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, and the focus of birth defect reduction is in rural areas. Strengthening premarital health education, popularizing prenatal and postnatal care knowledge, making interventions for preventing birth defects, and improving perinatal work quality are the measures to reduce birth defects The key measure.