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目的分析中山市当前接种的甲型H1N1流感疫苗的安全性及免疫效果,为甲型H1N1流感疫苗的科学使用提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法抽取一定数量对象作为接种组和对照组,运用流行病学实验研究的方法,观察接种组疑似预防接种异常反应发生情况,监测抗体阳转率,比较接种组和对照组甲型H1N1流感的发病率,并计算效果指数和疫苗保护率。结果本研究接种组和对照组均为464人,接种组接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗后均未出现疑似预防接种异常反应。在接种组抽取100名接种对象进行抗体检测,出现抗体阳转61例,抗体阳转率为61.00%。接种组与对照组的甲型H1N1流感发病率分别为4.74%(22/464)、10.34%(48/464),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。疫苗的效果指数为2.18、保护率为54.16%。结论中山市当前接种的甲型H1N1流感疫苗具有良好的安全性,但免疫效果偏低,是否有进一步提高的空间,有待进一步研究。
Objective To analyze the safety and immunization effect of the currently inoculated influenza A (H1N1) vaccine in Zhongshan and provide the scientific basis for the scientific use of the influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. Methods A multistage random sampling method was used to extract a certain number of subjects as inoculation group and control group. Epidemiological experimental study was used to observe the incidence of suspected immunization inoculation group, the rate of antibody positive rate was monitored, and the vaccination group and control group The incidence of influenza A (H1N1), and calculate the effect index and vaccine protection rate. Results Inoculation group and control group were all 464 in this study, and the vaccination group did not have the abnormal vaccination response after inoculation of influenza A (H1N1) vaccine. In the vaccination group, 100 vaccinated subjects were selected for antibody detection. There were 61 cases of positive antibody reaction, the positive rate of antibody was 61.00%. The incidence of Influenza A (H1N1) in vaccinated and control groups were 4.74% (22/464) and 10.34% (48/464), respectively, with significant difference (P <0.01). The vaccine efficacy index was 2.18, the protection rate was 54.16%. Conclusion The influenza A (H1N1) vaccines currently inoculated in Zhongshan have good safety, but the immune effect is low and there is room for further improvement, which needs further study.