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索绪尔作为现代语言学的开创人以及重要的语言哲学家,其结构主义语言学将语言系统作为研究对象,厘清了一系列基本概念,如内部与外部、语言与言语、共时与历时等。索绪尔的语言哲学对二十世纪的语言学研究产生了深刻的影响,其理论创新点之一就是语言本体论,将语言从其他学科的附庸中解放出来,恢复语言本体性地位。索绪尔的贡献在于他为现代语言学的发展铺平了道路,不仅如此,他还为语言的研究提供了具体的理论指导。他按照“关系论”“整体论”和“抽象论”开辟语言学研究新战场。由此,语言学进入其学说研究的“功能论”时代。
As a pioneer of modern linguistics and an important philosopher of language, Saussure’s structuralist linguistics takes linguistic system as the research object and clarifies a series of basic concepts such as internal and external, language and speech, synchronic and diachronic . Saussure’s philosophy of language has had a profound impact on the study of linguistics in the 20th century. One of its theoretical innovations is language ontology, which frees the language from the vassals of other disciplines and restores its linguistic status. Saussure’s contribution lies in his paving the way for the development of modern linguistics. Not only that, he also provides concrete theoretical guidance for the study of language. He opened up a new field of linguistics research according to “Relation Theory ” “Whole Theory ” and “Abstract Theory ”. As a result, linguistics has entered the era of “functional theory” of its doctrine research.