论文部分内容阅读
合理播期是机插稻实现高产、优质稻米生产的关键技术。本文研究了播期对粳型超级稻和籼粳交水稻机插方式下稻米品质形成特征的影响,为机插稻高产、优质稻米生产提供依据。结果表明:稻米糙米率、精米率、整精米率随播期推迟而升高,碾米品质变优,但早播稻糙米产量、精米产量、整精米产量显著高于晚播稻(P<0.05);不同播期的稻米垩白粒率、垩白度变异较大,均随播期推迟而下降,早播与晚播间差异达显著水平(P<0.05);外观品质改善,推迟播期,稻米直链淀粉含量降低,胶稠度变短,峰值黏度、热浆黏度、最终黏度、崩解值呈规律性下降,消减值变化幅度较大,逐渐升高,糊化温度波动较小,RVA谱变劣,稻米蒸煮食味品质变差;稻米蛋白质含量及蛋白质产量均随播期推迟而下降(P<0.05),营养品质变差;机插粳稻适期早播,易取得高的糙米、精米、整精米及蛋白质产量,提升营养品质及蒸煮食味品质,改善米粉RVA谱特征,但降低稻米碾米品质和外观品质。因此,麦茬机插稻于5月26—31日播种,是实现较优品质稻米较高产量的最佳时期。
Reasonable sowing is the key technology for rice planting to achieve high yield and high quality rice production. In this paper, the effects of sowing date on the characteristics of rice quality under rice-cutting intercropping with japonica rice and indica-japonica rice were studied in order to provide the basis for high-yielding and high-quality rice production. The results showed that the brown rice rate, milled rice rate and milled rice rate increased with the sowing date delayed, and the quality of rice milling became better. However, the yield of early sowing rice, the yield of polished rice and the yield of milled rice were significantly higher than those of late sowing rice (P <0.05) ). The chalky grain rate and chalkiness of rice at different sowing dates varied greatly, both of them decreased with the delay of sowing date. The difference between early sowing date and late sowing date was significant (P <0.05), the quality of appearance was improved, and the sowing date was delayed , The content of amylose in rice decreased, the gel consistency became shorter, the peak viscosity, the viscosity of hot slurry, the final viscosity and the disintegration value decreased regularly. The variation of descending value increased and the gelatinization temperature fluctuated little, The RVA profile became worse and the quality of rice cooking and eating deteriorated. The protein content and protein yield of rice all decreased with the delay of sowing date (P <0.05), and the nutritional quality deteriorated. Milled rice, whole rice and protein yield, improve nutritional quality and cooking and eating quality, improve rice RVA profile characteristics, but reduce rice milling quality and appearance quality. Therefore, planting stubble rice on May 26-31 was the best time to achieve higher yield of better quality rice.