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为了研究四川叠合盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气藏的分布规律和主控因素,预测勘探接替区,从盆地区域构造角度,分析油气沿(或在)拉张槽、古隆起和盆山结构区的分布特征,探讨拉张槽、古隆起和盆山结构对海相油气成藏和分布的控制作用,并据此探讨四川叠合盆地深层—超深层海相油气的勘探前景和有利地区。研究发现,拉张槽控制油气成藏的基础条件,即烃源岩、储集岩和优质源-储组合的发育,为油气成藏打下了坚实的物质基础;古隆起是油气运聚的指向地区,控制古油藏和古气藏的形成与演化,奠定了油气成藏的主要聚集区,属于油气藏的建造过程;盆山结构则进一步改变盆地内的构造格局,再分配和调整古油气藏,形成现今油气藏,属于改造过程。拉张槽是油气早期富集最根本的控制因素,古隆起是油气运聚的指向地区,盆山结构是油气晚期散失最主要的控制因素,从基础到建造再到改造的一系列过程相辅相成,共同控制了四川叠合盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气的分布。在此基础上,推测川西中北段深层—超深层是未来四川叠合盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探最主要的有利地区,具备形成大型气田的基本条件,可能是原生气藏和次生气藏共存的天然气富集区,理由为:1具有以下寒武统优质烃源岩为主的多源供烃系统;2具有多时代优质储集层的叠合层系;3具有以断裂(及不整合面)和优质储层构成的立体输导网络;4具有致密碳酸盐岩、泥质岩和膏盐等构成的多级封盖系统。
In order to study the distribution rules and main controlling factors of marine carbonate reservoirs in the superimposed basin in Sichuan Province, the exploration successional zones are predicted. From the perspective of tectonics in the basin, The paper explores the control of the accumulation and distribution of marine oil and gas reservoirs by extensional trenches, paleohighs and basin-mountain structures, and explores the exploration prospects and favorable areas of the deep-ultra-deep marine oil and gas in the superimposed basin in Sichuan Province. It is found that the basic conditions for controlling the accumulation of oil and gas reservoirs by pull-out trenches, that is, the development of source rocks, reservoir rocks and high-quality source-reservoir combinations, have laid a solid material foundation for hydrocarbon accumulation. The ancient uplift is the direction of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation Region, controlling the formation and evolution of paleo-gas reservoirs and paleo-gas reservoirs, laying the major accumulation area for oil and gas accumulation and belonging to the process of oil and gas reservoir construction. The basin-mountain structure further changes the structural pattern in the basin and redistributes and adjusts the paleo-oil and gas reservoirs , Forming today’s oil and gas reservoir, belongs to the transformation process. Tensioning trough is the most important controlling factor of oil and gas early enrichment. Paleoproterozoic is the point of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. Basin-mountain structure is the most important controlling factor of late oil and gas loss. A series of processes from basic to construction to reconstruction complement each other Control the Distribution of Marine Carbonates in the Sichuan Basin. On this basis, it is speculated that the deep-ultra-deep layer in the central-northern part of western Sichuan is the most favorable area for the exploration of marine carbonate rocks in the future superimposed basins of Sichuan Province, with the basic conditions for the formation of large-scale gas fields, which may be both primary and secondary gas The reason for this is that: 1 a multi-source hydrocarbon supply system dominated by the following Cambrian high-quality source rocks; 2 a laminated system with multi-age high-quality reservoirs; Unconformity) and high-quality reservoirs; 4 a multistage capping system consisting of tight carbonate, mudstone and gypsum salts.