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研制了一种基于Sagnac干涉仪的直线型分布式光纤传感器,可实时进行管道泄漏检测与定位。分析和研究了该干涉仪的泄漏检测原理、泄漏源定位方法以及光偏振态对传感器性能的影响。当两束光偏振态相同时,系统具有最佳的性能;当两束光正交时,无法实现信号检测。管道泄漏的实验结果表明,该系统能较准确地确定泄漏源位置,且定位误差为0.69%。
A linear distributed optical fiber sensor based on Sagnac interferometer was developed to detect and locate pipeline leaks in real time. The principle of leak detection, the method of location of leakage source and the influence of light polarization on the performance of the sensor are analyzed and studied. The system has the best performance when the two beams have the same polarization state and can not detect the signal when the two beams are orthogonal. Experimental results of pipeline leakage show that the system can determine the location of the leakage source more accurately and the positioning error is 0.69%.