尿毒症性肌病(Uremic Myoppathy)系慢性肾功能不全併发的骨骼肌病。以肌组织减少及肌张力降低为特点。主要临床表现为肌力弱、肌疲劳和运动后痛性肌痉挛,以下肢近端肌肉明显。肌活检光镜下可见有不同程度的肌萎缩及变性。部份病人肌肉毛细血管管腔闭塞,小动脉增厚,管壁有细颗状钙盐及类脂质沉着。组织化学检查显示以Ⅱ型肌纤维萎缩明显。电镜下可见肌原纤维附近的Z盘排例紊乱、细肌丝消失而被某些不定形的物质所代替。尿毒症性肌病的确切病因仍未明了,近年来认为其病因是多方面的,包括如下几方面。一、营养不良和能量摄入不足肌肉收缩能量的最终来源是糖和脂肪酸的氧化。肾功能减退时,各种代谢产物在体内潴留,病人常有厌食,恶心和呕吐,影响营养物质摄入、消化与吸 Uremic Myopathy is a skeletal myopathy with chronic renal insufficiency. Features reduced muscle tissue and reduced muscle tone. The main clinical manifestations of muscle weakness, muscle fatigue and post-exercise painful muscle spasm, lower limb proximal muscle was obvious. Muscle biopsy light microscope shows varying degrees of muscle atrophy and degeneration. Some patients with muscle and capillary lumen occlusion, thickened arterioles, fine calcium-like tube wall and lipid-like deposition. Histochemical examination showed that a type Ⅱ muscle fiber atrophy obvious. Electron microscope shows the disorder of the Z disk near the myofibrillar tissue, thin filaments disappear and was replaced by some amorphous material. The exact cause of uremic myopathies remains unclear, in recent years that the etiology is multifaceted, including the following aspects. First, malnutrition and lack of energy intake The ultimate source of muscle contraction energy is the oxidation of sugar and fatty acids. Renal dysfunction, a variety of metabolites in the body retention, patients often have anorexia, nausea and vomiting, affecting nutrient intake, digestion and absorption