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北洋航路是清末上海国内航线的重要组成部分。日俄战争期间,垄断这条航线的主要是中国的轮船招商局和英国的太古公司及怡和洋行等。本文通过《申报》中的“出船广告”分析了1904年9月到12月的3个月间,上海驶往黄海、渤海等北洋海域汽船的航行情况。中国的轮船招商局和英国的太古公司及怡和洋行排挤了其他的汽船公司,创造了北洋航路百分之八十的经营业绩。此外,从汽船的航行情况看,20世纪初上海始发的北洋航路其主要目的地是山东的烟台和天津,作为“北洋三港”之一的牛庄港地位逐渐下降,与此相对比,德国占领下的青岛·胶州成为新的航行目的地,逐渐登上了北洋航运的舞台。
Northern route is an important part of the domestic routes in the late Qing Dynasty Shanghai. During the Russo-Japanese War, monopoly of this route was mainly China Merchants Steam Navigation Company and the United Kingdom Swire Pacific and Jardine Matheson. This article analyzes the voyage of a steamboat sailing from Shanghai to the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea in the 3 months from September to December 1904 through “Ad In Ship ” in the “Report”. China’s steamship merchants, Swire Pacific and Jardine Matheson of the United Kingdom squeezed out other steamship companies, creating 80% of the operation of the Northern Ocean route. In addition, judging from the sailing situation of the steamboat, the main destination of the Northern Ocean route originating in Shanghai in the early 20th century was Yantai and Tianjin in Shandong Province. The status of Niuzhuang as one of the “northern three ports” was gradually declining, Compared with the German occupation of Qingdao Jiaozhou become a new destination for navigation, and gradually boarded the stage of the Northern Shipping.