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目的:了解院内感染的发生情况,分析院内感染病历中抗菌药物的应用情况,以促使合理应用抗菌药物,降低院内感染的发生率。方法:对2007年全院4795份住院病历进行回顾性调查,着重分析发生院内感染的187份病历中抗菌药物的使用情况。结果:院内感染发生率为3.9%,主要以慢性病患者多发,未发生院内感染前患者就使用抗菌药的有130例,其中预防性应用占57%,依据细菌培养及药敏试验选药仅占2.3%,使用广谱抗菌药物占74.6%,抗菌药物联用率为60.76%。发生院内感染后患者使用抗菌药的有57例,均为治疗性应用。结论:不合理的应用抗菌药物,势必产生细菌耐药和导致菌群失调,增加院内感染机会,规范合理的使用抗菌药物是控制院内感染发生的关键。
Objective: To understand the occurrence of nosocomial infections and to analyze the application of antimicrobial agents in nosocomial infections in order to promote rational use of antimicrobial agents and reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. Methods: A retrospective survey of 4,795 inpatient medical records in 2007 was conducted, focusing on the use of antibacterials in 187 medical records of nosocomial infections. Results: The incidence of nosocomial infections was 3.9%, mainly in patients with chronic diseases, without nosocomial infections in patients before the use of antimicrobial agents in 130 cases, of which 57% of prophylactic applications, based on bacterial culture and susceptibility testing drug only 2.3%, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics accounted for 74.6%, antibacterial drug combination was 60.76%. In 57 patients with nosocomial infections, antibacterials were used for therapeutic purposes. Conclusion: The unreasonable application of antibacterial drugs will inevitably produce bacterial resistance and lead to flora, increase the chance of nosocomial infection, regulate the rational use of antimicrobial drugs is the key to control the occurrence of nosocomial infections.