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自从1974年Shalhoub提出T细胞功能紊乱可能与微小病变型肾病综合征(MCNS)的发病机理有关的假设以来,对这种疾病的细胞免疫功能研究的内容逐渐涉及到患者体内及体外试验的各个方面,如外周血T、B细胞的数量、比例及形态,淋巴细胞对各种促分裂剂刺激的反应,T细胞的克隆增殖、血浆的免疫抑制作用以及迟发性超敏反应等等。然而分析迄今为止的大量资料,虽然多数认为MCNS患者存在细胞免疫功能的紊乱,但其与该病发病机理之间的关系并不清楚,而且各家报道的结果也不尽相同,有的甚至截然相反。因此,为了便于进一步研究MCNS的病因及用以指导治疗起见,我们将近年来国外在这个方面研究、使用的方法及有争议的问题介绍如下。
Since 1974 Shalhoub proposed that T-cell dysfunction may be related to the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of minimally-pathogenic nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) is related to the cellular immune function of this disease, it gradually involves all aspects of in vivo and in vitro patient testing , Such as the number and ratio of T cells and B cells, the response of lymphocytes to various mitogenic stimuli, the clonal proliferation of T cells, the immunosuppressive effect of plasma and the delayed hypersensitivity reaction. However, analysis of a large number of data so far, although most believe that MCNS patients with cellular immune function disorder, but the pathogenesis of the disease is not clear, and the results reported by various reports, and some even completely in contrast. Therefore, in order to further study the etiology of MCNS and to guide the treatment, we will introduce the research methods and controversial issues in this field abroad in recent years as follows.