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目的探讨正常儿童睡眠状态下上气道电影磁共振(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)形态学表现。方法选择2010年6月至2011年2月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院放射科行头颅MRI检查的112例2～7岁无睡眠相关性疾病的儿童,行上气道矢状位电影MRI序列成像,将上气道分为鼻咽、口咽、口腔3段,分别评估上气道各段通气状态(静止开放、动态开放、间断闭合、持续闭合4种),测量上气道各段前后径及动度。结果 112例中,口咽部存在动度50例(44.6%),鼻咽部存在动度44例(39.3%),口腔存在动度8例(7.2%)。口咽部气道动度为(2.49±2.20)mm,鼻咽部气道动度为(2.13±0.75)mm,口腔气道动度为(1.42±0.53)mm。结论 MRI电影序列能较准确地测量上气道各段管腔直径并判断有无动度,是一种可用于评估上气道的理想检查手段。正常儿童睡眠状态下可以存在一定程度(一般小于5 mm)的气道动度。
Objective To investigate the morphological characteristics of upper airway magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in normal children during sleep. Methods From June 2010 to February 2011, 112 children aged 2 to 7 years without sleep-related diseases who underwent head MRI in Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were examined with MR imaging of airway sagittal films The upper airway was divided into 3 sections: nasopharynx, oropharynx and oral cavity. Ventilation status of upper airway was assessed separately (still open, dynamic open, intermittent closed and continuous closed), and the anteroposterior diameter And movement. Results In 112 cases, there were 50 cases (44.6%) in the oropharynx, 44 cases (39.3%) in the nasopharynx and 8 cases (7.2%) in the oral cavity. The orbital airway motion was (2.49 ± 2.20) mm, nasopharyngeal airway movement was (2.13 ± 0.75) mm, and oral airway movement was (1.42 ± 0.53) mm. Conclusion MRI film sequences can accurately measure the lumen diameter of each segment of the upper airway and judge whether there is motion or not. It is an ideal examination method that can be used to evaluate the upper airway. Normal children sleep state can exist to some extent (generally less than 5 mm) airway movement.