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随着眼轴的进行性增长，高度近视患者的眼底会出现一系列退行性病变，如视盘表面及周围改变、后巩膜葡萄肿、后极部视网膜和脉络膜改变及周边部视网膜改变等。高度近视眼底病变可致永久性视力损害，甚至失明。目前近视的发病机制仍不明确，研究发现多种生长因子参与眼球的生长和重塑。其中，转化生长因子(TGF)、神经生长因子(NGF)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)、结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)等在高度近视中的作用逐渐被研究者关注。本文就生长因子在高度近视中的作用研究进展进行综述。“,”With the progressive growth of the ocular axis, the fundus of high myopia appears a series of degenerative diseases, such as changes in the surface and surroundings of the optic disc, posterior staphyloma, retinal and choroidal atrophy, peripheral retinal changes.High myopia fundus lesion can cause permanent visual impairment and even blindness.Although the pathogenesis of myopia is not clear, a variety of growth factors have been found to be involved in the growth and remodeling of the eyeball.The role of transforming growth factor (TGF), nerve growth factor (NGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) in high myopia has gradually attracted the attention of researchers.This article reviews the latest research progress of the role of growth factors in high myopia.