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目的调查小儿肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP)感染发病率、性别、发病季节及发病年龄分布。方法用SERODIA@-MYCOⅡ颗粒凝集方法对本院住院及门诊呼吸道感染儿童做血清肺炎支原体抗体(MP-IgM)检测。结果 3年共检测肺炎儿童5 924例,阳性数为2 321例,阳性率为39.13%;男性患儿阳性率34.403%(1 208/3 512),低于女性患儿阳性率46.14%(1 113/2 412),差异有统计意义(χ2=82.82,P<0.01)。MP抗体阳性率最高季节在第4季度(10-12月),为42.00%(625/1 488),其次在第1季度(1-3月),为41.25%(528/1 280)。按年龄共分为14组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);0~1岁年龄段MP阳性率最低为13.55%,其次为1~2岁年龄段和2~3岁年龄段MP阳性率,9~10岁年龄段MP阳性率最高为65.03%,5~14岁年龄范围MP阳性率保持较高水平约51%~65%,可见儿童MP阳性率随着年龄增长而增长。2010-2012年MP抗体阳性率无统计意义。结论 MP阳性率女性高于男性,MP感染的高峰期第1季度和第4季度,MP感染的好发年龄范围为5~14岁之间,2010-2012年期间的3年MP阳性率一致,临床上应加强对肺炎支原体肺炎的检测和防治。
Objective To investigate the incidence, gender, season of onset and age of onset of infection in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection. Methods Serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (MP-IgM) was detected in children in hospital and outpatients with respiratory tract infection by SERODIA @ -MYCO Ⅱ particle agglutination method. Results A total of 5 924 pneumonia children were detected in 3 years, with a positive number of 2 321. The positive rate was 39.13%. The positive rate of males was 34.403% (1 208/3 512), lower than that of female children (46.14%, 1 113/2 412), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 82.82, P <0.01). The highest positive rate of MP antibody was 42.00% (625/1 488) in the fourth quarter (October-December), followed by 41.25% (528/1 280) in the first quarter (January-March). There were 14 groups according to age, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The lowest positive rate of MP in 0 ~ 1 year old was 13.55%, followed by MP in 1 ~ 2 years old and 2 ~ 3 years old Rate, the highest positive rate of MP in 9 ~ 10 age group was 65.03%, the positive rate of MP in 5 ~ 14 age range maintained at a high level of about 51% ~ 65%, showing that the positive rate of MP in children increased with age. The positive rate of MP antibody in 2010-2012 was not statistically significant. Conclusion The positive rate of MP was higher in females than in males. In the first quarter and the fourth quarter of the peak of MP infection, the prevalence of MP infection ranged from 5 to 14 years. The positive rates of MP at 3 years from 2010 to 2012 were consistent, Clinically, we should strengthen the detection and prevention and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.