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近年来,我国水产养殖业发展迅猛,带来巨大收益的同时,抗生素和化学药物的长期滥用也产生了污染环境、耐药性差和威胁食品安全等诸多问题。亟待寻求一种既能有效控制海水养殖动物疾病、又环境友好的新技术、新产品,以部分或完全替代抗生素或化学药物。噬菌体是一种安全、高效、无毒无害、生态友好的疾病防治绿色产品,相继在陆生和水产动物疾病防治中应用。介绍了噬菌体生物学、噬菌体治疗及噬菌体在水产养殖业中的应用等最新研究进展,展望了噬菌体防治水产养殖病害的前景,以期为噬菌体治疗水产养殖疾病提供理论和技术支持。
In recent years, the rapid development of aquaculture in our country has brought tremendous benefits. At the same time, the long-term abuse of antibiotics and chemical drugs has also caused many problems such as environmental pollution, poor resistance and threats to food safety. It is urgent to find a new technology and new product that can effectively control malaria-bearing diseases of animals and environment-friendly so as to partially or completely replace antibiotics or chemical drugs. Phage is a safe, efficient, non-toxic and harmless, eco-friendly disease prevention and treatment of green products, one after another in terrestrial and aquatic animal disease prevention and control applications. The latest research progress of phage biology, bacteriophage treatment and bacteriophage application in aquaculture are introduced. The prospects of phage prevention and control of aquaculture diseases are also discussed. The aim is to provide theoretical and technical support for bacteriophage treatment of aquaculture diseases.