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本文主要回顾近十多年来，国外在视觉神经系统发育和可塑性变化方面及弱视发病机制研究领域的分子神经生物学研究的最新成就和进展。其中对ＮＴｓ及受体ｔｒｋｓ和凋亡抑制基因ｂｃｌ２在弱视发病机制中所起的作用和其相互关系等，以及它们与ＮＭＤＡ受体之间的关系、ＮＭＤＡ受体本身与视觉信息的兴奋性传导和参与视觉系统可塑性变化的规律进行了较详细的分析和归纳，并对它们制约弱视形成和转归的诸多因素进行了探讨。
This review mainly reviews the recent achievements and advances in molecular neurobiology research in the field of visual nervous system development and plasticity in foreign countries and the pathogenesis of amblyopia in recent 10 years. Which the NTs and receptor trks and apoptosis inhibitor gene bcl 2 in the pathogenesis of amblyopia role and their relationship, and their relationship with NMDA receptors, NMDA receptor itself and the visual information of the excitement Sexual conduction and participation in the visual system of plasticity changes in a more detailed analysis and induction, and their constraints on the formation and outcome of amblyopia were discussed.