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以果实性状差异较大的来源于美国的厚皮甜瓜ms-5和黑龙江省薄皮甜瓜HM-1为亲本,构建P_1、P_2、F_1和F_2群体,采用植物数量性状主基因-多基因混合模型对甜瓜果实单果重、果肉厚度和果肉颜色进行遗传分析。结果表明:单果重受到2对加性-显性多基因模型控制;果肉厚度受到1对主基因控制;果肉颜色受到2对加性-显性-上位效应多基因控制。主基因在F_2代群体中遗传率分别为73.79%、73.90%、88.85%。控制这3个性状的遗传率在F_2代中表现较高,说明适合早代进行选择,受环境影响小。
The population of P_1, P_2, F_1 and F_2 was constructed from the melon ms-5 originating from the United States and the melon HM-1 from Heilongjiang Province, whose fruit traits were significantly different. The population-derived major gene-polygene mixed model Melon fruit weight, flesh thickness and flesh color for genetic analysis. The results showed that the single fruit weight was controlled by two pairs of additive - dominance polygenic models; the thickness of flesh was controlled by one pair of major genes; and the color of flesh was controlled by two pairs of additive - dominance - epistatic multigenic genes. The heritability of major genes in F_2 generation was 73.79%, 73.90% and 88.85%, respectively. The heritability of controlling these three traits was higher in F_2 generation, which indicated that they were suitable for early generation selection and had little environmental impact.