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能源部门的脱碳对于2060年前实现碳中和至关重要,而氢能预计将在实现碳中和目标中起到关键作用,一是因为使用电制氢(P2H)可以避免传统化石燃料制氢法造成的碳排放,二是氢可长时间大规模存储,电制氢既可以作为工业原料,又可以根据需求反馈回电力系统.本研究中,我们专注于研究氢能,尤其是氢储能在提高能源系统灵活性方面的价值.本文提出了一种电-氢耦合能源模型,可以实现以最低能源成本为目标的每小时级运行模拟和容量规划优化.基于此模型,我们以中国西北地区为研究对象,根据不同氢能需求占比构造了系列算例,来分析储氢对提升系统灵活性的价值,量化计算结果证明灵活的储氢在长时间尺度能源供需平衡方面可有效提升系统灵活性,降低发电机组和电储能的投资需求,能源总成本下降,尤其是氢需求占比上升时,储氢效益更为明显,然而,储氢若发挥电力系统长期储能作用,氢相关技术成本还需降低约20％.本研究为推进可再生能源资源丰富地区的储氢发展规划提供了建议和参考.“,”To achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, decarbonization in the energy sector is crucial. Hydrogen is expected to be vital for achieving the aim of carbon neutrality for two reasons: use of power-to-hydrogen (P2H) can avoid carbon emissions from hydrogen production, which is traditionally performed using fossil fuels; Hydrogen from P2H can be stored for long durations in large scales and then delivered as industrial raw material or fed back to the power system depending on the demand. In this study, we focus on the analysis and evaluation of hydrogen value in terms of improvement in the flexibility of the energy system, particularly that derived from hydrogen storage. An electricity–hydrogen coupled energy model is proposed to realize the hourly-level operation simulation and capacity planning optimization aiming at the lowest cost of energy. Based on this model and considering Northwest China as the region of study, the potential of improvement in the flexibility of hydrogen storage is determined through optimization calculations in a series of study cases with various hydrogen demand levels. The results of the quantitative calculations prove that effective hydrogen storage can improve the system flexibility by promoting the energy demand balance over a long term, contributing toward reducing the investment cost of both generators and battery storage and thus the total energy cost. This advantage can be further improved when the hydrogen demand rises. However, a cost reduction by 20％ is required for hydrogen-related technologies to initiate hydrogen storage as long-term energy storage for power systems. This study provides a suggestion and reference for the advancement and planning of hydrogen storage development in regions with rich sources of renewable energy.