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目的分析丽水市区居民高血压患病情况及影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,对2 684名18岁以上居民进行现况调查。研究内容包括问卷调查、体格检查(身高、体重、腰围、血压)和实验室检查(空腹血糖、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三脂)。结果丽水市区居民高血压粗患病率为33.12%,标化率为22.14%。男性高血压粗患病率为35.24%,标化率为26.10%;女性高血压粗患病率为31.61%,标化率为19.78%。多因素分析结果显示,高血压的影响因素包括血脂异常(OR=1.5,95%CI:1.23~1.83)、中心型肥胖(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.01~1.66)、超重和肥胖(OR=1.71,95%CI:1.43~2.05)、高血压家族史(OR=6.53,95%CI:5.22~8.18)、民族(OR=1.82,95%CI:1.30~2.57)、糖尿病(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.00~1.71)、年龄(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.31~1.41)。结论丽水市市区居民高血压患病率较高,主要与血脂异常、糖尿病、中心型肥胖、超重和肥胖、遗传等因素有关。在老龄化社会的客观形势下,高血压综合防治工作中应在加强中老年人高血压三级预防的基础上,针对行为影响因素加强宣传教育与干预。
Objective To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of hypertension among residents in Lishui city. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the current status of 2 684 residents over the age of 18. The research included questionnaires, physical examination (height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure) and laboratory tests (fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, triglycerides). Results The prevalence of hypertension in urban residents in Lishui City was 33.12%, and the standardization rate was 22.14%. The prevalence of crude hypertension in males was 35.24%, the standardization rate was 26.10%. The prevalence of crude hypertension in women was 31.61% and the standardization rate was 19.78%. Multivariate analysis showed that the influencing factors of hypertension were dyslipidemia (OR = 1.5,95% CI: 1.23-1.83), central obesity (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01-1.66), overweight and obesity = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.43 ~ 2.05), family history of hypertension (OR = 6.53, 95% CI: 5.22-8.18), nationality (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.30-2.57) , 95% CI: 1.00-1.71), age (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.31-1.41). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in urban residents in Lishui City is high, mainly related to dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, central obesity, overweight and obesity, and genetic factors. In the objective situation of an aging society, comprehensive prevention and treatment of hypertension should be based on strengthening tertiary prevention of hypertension in the elderly, based on behavioral factors to strengthen publicity and education and intervention.