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在最一般的意义上,人文精神乃是人的自我观照、自我领悟、自我理解。吊诡的是,现代性这一遮蔽和消解人文精神的力量,恰恰是西方近代以来的人文精神孕育和铸就的。标志近代肇始的最重要的文化事件,就是所谓“人的（被）发现”。它意味着问题的提问方式由“人是谁”过渡到了“人是什么”。作为“此在”的人的“在者”化,从本体论上说源于古希腊哲学的那种有缺陷的追问方式:“存在是什么?”它导致了“在的遗忘”。从“人的发现”到“人的遮蔽”,这就是启蒙的辩证法,也是西方社会和文化在现代性意义上的“人文精神”的历史命运。
In the most general sense, the humanistic spirit is the self-reflection, self-comprehension and self-understanding of man. Paradoxically, the power of covering up and dissolving the humanistic spirit of modernity is exactly what was born and molded by the humanistic spirit in the West since modern times. The most important cultural event marking the beginning of modern China is the so-called “discovery of human beings.” It means that the way the question is asked is from “who is it” to “what is it”. The “incarnation” of “being”, ontologically, refers to the flawed way of questioning that stems from the ancient Greek philosophy: “Is there existence?” It leads to “the forgetfulness of being.” From “human discovery” to “masking of human beings”, this is the dialectic of enlightenment and also the historical destiny of “humanism” in the sense of modernity of Western society and culture.