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通过分散实验研究金属阳离子对一水硬铝石分散性的影响,以Zeta电位测试、溶液化学计算和DLVO理论计算分析金属离子对一水硬铝石分散性影响的作用机理。结果表明:金属离子的价态对一水硬铝石分散性的影响大于金属离子的种类,且多价金属离子对一水硬铝石分散性的影响比一价金属离子大。钙、镁离子存在时,当pH小于10,一水硬铝石的分散性不发生改变,但是当pH大于10后,钙、镁离子促使一水硬铝石发生强烈聚沉。钙、镁离子在一水硬铝石上的吸附使双电层厚度减小,从而降低Zeta电位绝对值并导致一水硬铝石颗粒间排斥力减小。当pH为11时,由于颗粒吸附Mg(OH)2(s),在一水硬铝石表面产生一个新的零电点。
The effects of metal cations on the dispersibility of diaspore were studied by means of dispersion experiments. The mechanism of the effect of metal ions on the dispersibility of diaspore was analyzed by Zeta potential test, solution chemistry calculation and DLVO theory. The results show that the valence state of metal ions has a greater influence on the dispersibility of diaspore than that of metal ions, and the influence of polyvalent metal ions on the dispersibility of diaspore is larger than that of monovalent metal ions. In the presence of calcium and magnesium ions, the dispersibility of diaspore does not change when the pH is less than 10, but calcium and magnesium ions cause strong buildup of diaspore at pH> 10. Adsorption of calcium and magnesium ions on a diaspore decreases the thickness of the electric double layer, thereby decreasing the absolute value of Zeta potential and resulting in a decrease in the repulsive force between diasporic particles. At pH 11, a new zero point is generated on the surface of diaspore due to the particle adsorption of Mg (OH) 2 (s).