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甾体激素类药物是我国医药领域的重要门类,雄甾烯二酮是甾体激素类药物不可替代的中间体。微生物选择性降解植物甾醇侧链生成雄甾烯二酮,能替代复杂的多步化学合成法,并减轻目前由于薯蓣皂素为原料造成的资源紧缺,对合理利用我国的甾体植物资源,推动制药行业的发展有着重要的意义。本文结合相关的研究进展,综述了微生物选择性降解植物甾醇侧链菌种的选育与改良,水相体系中转化条件的优化及几种非水相转化系统的研究状况,并针对传统诱变育种耗时、费力、正突变率低、突变性状比较分散等缺陷,提出通过基因组改组技术实现突变性状优化重组,为构造甾醇微生物转化高产菌种提供广阔的发展空间。
Steroid hormone drugs is an important category in the field of medicine, androstenedione is an irreplaceable intermediate of steroid hormone drugs. Microbial selective degradation of phytosterol side chain generation of androstenedione, can replace the complex multi-step chemical synthesis, and reduce the current as a result of diosgenin as a raw material shortage of resources, the rational use of our country’s steroidal plant resources, promote The development of the pharmaceutical industry is of great significance. In this paper, we reviewed the progress in the selective biodegradation of phytosterol side chain bacteria, the optimization of the conversion conditions in aqueous systems and the research status of several non-aqueous phase transformation systems. In addition, Breeding time-consuming, labor-intensive, low mutation rate and more scattered mutant characters. It is proposed that the optimization and recombination of the mutant traits by means of genome shuffling technology will provide a broad space for the development of high-yielding strains for the transformation of sterol into microorganisms.