Cerium phosphate powders were synthesized by direct solid liquid reaction of cerium dioxide and phosphate acid at the Ce∶P ratio of 1∶1. Phase-pure and fine grain size CePO4 powers could be obtained by calcining the as received powders at the temperature higher than 600 ℃. It is demonstrated that the grain size and morphology of the CePO4 powders were calcined at various temperatures. An interesting layered crystal structure and a series of microcracks that cross and occur along the extrusion stress direction on the extruded surface inside CePO4 were observed. The ductility and machinabililty of CePO4 ceramic are attributed to the layered structure. Continuous machining debris was observed on the turned surface.