随着围产医学的发展 ,早产儿的存活率逐步提高。但由于早产儿脑发育不成熟 ,易发生各种类型的脑损伤 ,影响生后脑的进一步发育 ,常出现脑结构的异常 ,成为运动障碍、认知、行为、神经内分泌异常的基础。因此对早产儿脑发育问题的认识及其评价方法越来越受到重视。一、早产儿的 With the development of perinatal medicine, the survival rate of premature children gradually increased. However, due to immature brain development in premature infants, various types of brain damage are easy to occur, affecting the further development of brain after birth, and abnormalities of brain structure often appear. They become the basis of dyskinesia, cognition, behavior and neuroendocrine disorders. Therefore, understanding of brain development in preterm infants and their evaluation methods are receiving more and more attention. First, premature children’s