目的探讨ＰＣＲ法在诊断胃粘膜幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染中的临床价值．方法用ＰＣＲ方法对１５４例胃病患者胃粘膜Ｈｐ尿酶基因ＤＮＡ片断进行扩增，同时与尿酶试验及血清ＨｐＩｇＧ测定方法进行比较．结果ＰＣＲＨｐＤＮＡ的阳性率达９１％，与尿素酶试验（７４％）及血清ＨｐＩｇＧ（８１％）测定相比有显著差异（Ｐ＜００５）．Ｈｐ感染率随受检者年龄增长而增高．Ｈｐ感染与胃窦（９３％）及胃体（８４％）腺癌关系密切，而与食管癌及贲门癌（８０％）关系不大．结论ＰＣＲ法可明显提高Ｈｐ诊断的敏感性和特异性，也为Ｈｐ感染的深入研究开拓了新的研究思路和手段 Objective To investigate the clinical value of PCR in the diagnosis of gastric mucosal Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection. Methods The DNA fragments of gastric mucosal Hp urease gene were amplified by PCR from 154 cases of gastric patients, and compared with urease test and serum Hp IgG test. Results The positive rate of PCRHpDNA was 91%, which was significantly different from that of urease test (74%) and serum HpIgG (81%) (P <005). Hp infection rate increased with the age of the subjects. Hp infection is closely related to gastric antrum (93%) and gastric body (84%) adenocarcinoma, but not to esophageal and gastric cardia (80%). Conclusion PCR method can significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity of Hp diagnosis, but also open up new research ideas and means for the further study of Hp infection